Culture Differences In Nonverbal Communication Cultural Studies Essay

Culture Differences In Nonverbal Communication Cultural Studies Essay Correspondence contains verbal and nonverbal practices, and these two sorts are unmistakably affected by culture. In this paper I will talk about the job of culture in verbal language, concentrating on nonverbal practices and non-verbal communication,. I additionally talk about the control of culture on nonverbal activities in the correspondence movements, incorporates our outward appearances, , eye to eye connection, signals, pose, and even the tone of our voice. Nonverbal Communication is the correspondence and express inclination without any words the ability to esteem and utilize nonverbal correspondence as amazing asset that assist individuals with speaking with others, express what their feeling, encounters, and improve connections at house and work. Numerous individuals believe that all they truly need to focus on in a conversation is the verbally expressed word and nonverbal correspondences also (Jeanne Segal et al, 2010) Each culture has its own language, with its own jargon, language rules, and syntax most assuredly Culture impacts all trait of our life. It involve emotional, for example, approach, ,viewpoint, judgment, values, standards, practices and target dress, food, gadget; every now and again look like as though social miscommunication creates up in most of unpredicted arrange (Matsumoto, 1997). Arabic language shapes joining qualities of the Arab World. In any case various zones utilize nearby language and highlight of Arabic, all offer the talk about the typical standard Arabic language Arabs, use motions and non-verbal communication to speak with others simply like all individuals do. A portion of the nonverbal correspondence is about equivalent to Western or Eastern however some are totally different. Outward appearances: As indicated by (Matsumoto, 2006 ) there are six general feelings : outrage, repugnance, dread, bliss, bitterness, and shock that would appear from any individual who has diverse culture and foundation. Canadian grin at outsiders open spots which is acceptable propensity as I would like to think, despite the fact that our religion propel grinning to others whether they are known to us or not however most Arab feel not good to see individuals grin to them or they may believe that they know them and couldnt perceive their name. Grin may show warmth, express regard, or outfit genuine emotions. I confronted a few contrasts in the outward appearance here in Canada even with Arabs who are from various districts and zones however I understood that we could commit errors when we judge individuals as indicated by our own way of life in the method of demeanor their inclination and feelings by their outward appearance and if a few people of culture don't have solid outward appearance or they do n't show it doesn't imply that they experience feelings. Eye to eye connection Eye to eye connection is something implies the trust and genuineness while In Arabic culture absence of eye to eye connection doesn't imply that an individual isn't focusing. Ladies generally maintain a strategic distance from eye to eye connection with Men. Motions: Motions are specific body or hand development that carry importance to others utilization of a finger to connote come here please This signal viewed as impolite and hostile in certain societies. The motion of immaculate in western culture implies in our way of life dangers and tormenting Generally Arab use for getting somebody right hand out, palm down, with fingers brought to oneself again and again in a tearing development, In nonverbal correspondence a few motions thought about inconsiderate and may be ordinary and obliging habits in other culture for instance snapping fingers to call a server is suitable, while Arab culture consider this motion discourteous and rude.  contact is another case of nonverbal correspondence which is typical between a similar sex and prohibited between the other gender in Arab culture except if the individuals are male relative for instance father ,granddad, siblings, child, nephew and sisters child uncles or by marriage spouses father granddad, and husbands child. Each culture is distinctive in their nonverbal articulation of feeling. Sentiments of companionship exist all around on the planet, anyway their demeanor contrast. It is alright in certain countries for men to embrace and for ladies to clasp hands; in different nations, these shows of warmth and preferring are demoralized or illegal. A significant number of Canadians and Americans business administrator like consoling with their feet up on their work areas. In any case, to show somebody from Saudi Arabia the ones foot is amazingly hostile and impolite, on the grounds that the foot is viewed as the dirtiest piece of the body. Welcome: Despite the fact that it could be precarious to know precisely how we ought to welcome each individual in other culture, however it is critical to know a typical welcome before we visit another nation. Additionally something should be known very well that our habits of welcome may be not work in another culture. For instance, while it is typical for ladies to kiss and embrace men while this is inadmissible welcome habits strict and customarily in Muslims and Arab world. It is somewhat well mannered act to completely regard guardians and any older folks by assist them with conversing with them consciously and stroll close to or behind them never stroll before them that is discourteous act additionally individuals for the most part kiss them in the head to give the regard and grace. Middle Easterner and Muslims as a rule welcome each other by these words Salam alaykum which implies Peace has arrived with Allahs Mercy and Blessings. Physical Space: Different societies need to address each other at various space.â People need pretty much physical space among themselves and another person as this can influence the entire correspondence. At the point when I first beginning gathering individuals from various societies I attempted to balanced the separation make strides to and fro to be alright with the speaker. I as a rule take more space when I converse with male more than female as per my religion and conviction. As indicated by (Matsumoto, 2006) Arab men, probably sit closer to one another than American guys, with more straightforward, angry sorts of body heading. They likewise had better eye to eye connection and tended than talk in stronger voices. Also, People from Arab societies for the most part figure out how to interrelate with others at space sufficiently close. Dodging Cultural Miscommunication: Knowing the nonverbal correspondence in the new nation that we have wanted to visit is something critical to maintain a strategic distance from the miscommunication over culture. Additionally, knowing where social error every now and again happens to assist with altering the correspondence when you watch a something strange harvest up. Work on utilizing this information to create diverse correspondence expertise encourages us to make associations with individuals from different societies. The method of recognize the other individual is huge likewise, direct eye to eye connection, a handshake, and a little words are required in many culture in speaking with others. Speaking with lucidity and sympathy are helping the correspondence to be viable as it manufacture trust connections. Help the other individual to see everything in the conversation. Lucidity fabricates trust. Likewise we should realize that not simply the way of life that impact the correspondence with others however the people character and the connections between individuals who are conveying.

Development During Adolescence :: Human Development Teenagers Essays

Immaturity is the formative stage among adolescence and adulthood; it for the most part alludes to a period running from age 12 or 13 through age 19 or 21. In spite of the fact that its start is regularly offset with the start of adolescence, youthfulness is described by mental and social stages just as by natural changes. Youth can be drawn out, brief, or essentially nonexistent, depending on the kind of culture wherein it happens. In social orders that are straightforward, for model, the change from adolescence to adulthood will in general happen rather quickly, and is set apart by generally recommended entry ceremonies. to differentiate this, American and European social orders the progress time frame for youngsters has been consistently stretching in the course of recent years, offering ascend to an immature subculture. Because of this drawn out transitional stage an assortment of issues and concerns explicitly connected with this age bunch have created. Therapists single out four regions that particularly address juvenile conduct and improvement: physiological change and development; psychological, or mental advancement; character, or character development; and parent-immature relations. Physiological Change: Between the ages of 9 and 15, practically all youngsters experience a fast arrangement of physiological changes, known as the immature development spray. These hormonal changes remember an increasing speed for the body's development rate; the improvement of pubic hair; the presence of axillary, or armpit, hair about after two years. There are changes in the structure and working of the conceptive organs; the mammary organs in young ladies; and advancement of the perspiration organs, which frequently prompts a flare-up of skin break out. In both genders, these physiological changes happen at various occasions. This time of progress can demonstrate to be upsetting for a pre-teenager. For during this phase of life appearance is significant. An immature youngster who grows early or amazingly late can take a great deal of mocking from their companions. In any case, the time at which a young lady experiences this stage and a male experiences it are extraordinary. Young ladies ordinarily start their development spray not long after age 10. They will in general arrive at their top around the age 12, and will in general wrap up by age 14. This spray happens very nearly two years after the fact in young men. In this way young men experience a disturbing period where young ladies are taller and heavier than them. This cumbersome period happens from ages ten and one-half to thirteen. Time isn't the main contrast in the pubescent period for young men and young ladies. In young ladies, the growth of the bosoms is generally the main physical

Learning Time

Learning Time Public class Spring2011 Public static void main (String [] args) { // So at the beginning of every semester Matt sends out an email to the bloggers reminding us about the so-called “free” blog post, where we can write about a topic that we should know a lot about: our classes. I’m finally getting around to writing mine, and as you may be able to tell, one of my classes is 1.00 (or in non-MIT speak, Intro to Computers and Engineering Problem Solving). My classes this semester are a little different than what I’ve taken before because I don’t have any lab based classes this semester. I’m quite happy about that fact, because I enjoy the more qualitative aspects of civil engineering, rather than the hands-on aspects (though power tools are lots of fun to play with). The material we are covering in many of my classes is no longer background material, but rather something which would be used in my work as an engineer. 1.00 (Introduction to Computers and Engineering Problem Solving)- This is a required class for Course 1C (civil engineering) majors, but there are lots of people from other majors who come and take the class. I know people in courses 2, 3, 9 and 10 who are taking or have taken the class, and I’m sure there are others. It is basically an introduction to programming in Java. I’m enjoying it so far, and I have to admit that it is a good feeling when your program runs without any errors, but I do anticipate lots of frustration later in the term. There are lots of small details which never seem to be quite right. I’m not sure I will use Java in my future, but I suppose it is good to finally understand what programming is. 1.011 (Project Evaluation)- Elijah already wrote about this class, but I’ll say a bit more. This class used to be called Engineering Economics, and was considered a pushover class, but both the title and the amount of work have changed. The focus for this class is infrastructure projects, the keystone of civil engineering. So far we have covered method for financially evaluating projects, and we will continue looking at how to analyze projects from financial, social, economic and environmental perspectives. The term project for the course is to do a case study of the evaluation process of a major infrastructure project. Go. (That’s pretty much the direction we have received). 1.036 (Structural and Geotechnical Engineering Design)â€"Much as the title says, this class is about design. Over the years, my classes have gotten less theoretical and more practical, and this class is no exception. Our project, preparing the structural design of a building system for a 3-story building meant to house classrooms, offices and laboratory space, relies heavily on the ASCE and IBC codes. I’m not sure what the geotechnical half of the class holds in store for us, but I do feel like I could go out into the real world (of structural engineering) and have some idea of what is going on. 21L.003 (Reading Fiction)â€"I’m taking this class in order to fulfill my HASS requirements (it is a HASS-D, which is no longer required for the classes of 2014 and later). I haven’t taken a literature class since my senior year of high school (Hi Ms. Graglia!), so it has been kind of a rough transition, but the mix of books we will be reading is diverse, which I am looking forward to. So far we have read short stories by Chekhov and Lu Xun, as well as Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man. Coming up with have The God of All Small Things, A Good Man is Hard to Find, The Word for World is Forest and the curious incident of a dog in the night-time, among others. HASS classes are a great break from psets, but I just have to get over my literary analysis writer’s block and get the papers done. 21M.460 (MIT Senegalese Drum Ensemble) â€" I wouldn’t quite consider this a class, but rather a performing group (not everyone takes it for credit). I was looking for something fun and different to do this semester, and Rambax fits the bill. I did a little bit of African drumming back in the day, and while Senegalese drumming is a little different than what usually comes to mind, it is infinitely enjoyable. I was in band in high school and it has been a pleasure getting back into something musical. All we have learned so far is a simple rhythm called tuus, but I am looking forward to learning more.

Social Responsibility Essay Online For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2324 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Critical essay Level High school Tags: Corporate Social Responsibility Essay Did you like this example? What are the implications for a firm that does not conduct CSR? Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is often mistaken for a 21st century buzz phrase when in fact it has been part of the business lexicon for decades. While some argue that the concept dates back to the Industrial Revolution, the first substantive work was written by Peter Drucker in his 1954 book The Practice of Management. Despite the passage of time, there is still no universal definition of CSR. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Social Responsibility Essay Online For Free" essay for you Create order Corporate Social Responsibility, what it is and how it is implemented, is different depending upon the country a business operates within, the regulatory system they are answerable to and even the industry within which they work. These complications aside, it is necessary to fix on well-rounded definition of CSR in order to critically discuss the concept in this paper. The definition offered by the International Organization for Standardization will be used, as it is general in nature and applicable to most businesses, regardless their country of operation: â€Å"Social responsibility is the responsibility of an organisation for the impacts of its decisions and activities on society and the environment, through transparent and ethical behaviour that: contributes to sustainable development, including the health and the welfare of society takes into account the expectations of stakeholders is in compliance with applicable law and consistent with international norms of behaviour; and Is integrated throughout the organization and practised in its relationships.† (International Organization for Standardization, 2010) They one weakness in this definition is the proposition that CSR is about compliance with applicable law. In Dahlsruds (2008) analysis of 37 CSR definitions, he identified five critical dimensions. The first dimension is the environment and its consideration in business operations and the second is the social dimension which covers businesses taking into account their impact on society. Both of these dimensions are central to our working definition. The third dimension identified is the economic dimension which looks for a commitment to integrating CSR into business operations is also present as is the fourth dimension which related to how businesses should manage all stakeholder groups in a socially responsible manner (Dahlsrud, 2008). The final dimension, voluntariness, is what is missing from the ISO definition. Dahlsrud (2008) defines voluntariness as businesses making decisions and undertaking activities that are above what is legally required whereas the ISO definition (International Organization for Standardization, 2010) states that mere compliance is acceptable. It is argued that merely complying with the law is better described as good corporate governance and not of itself an act of corporate social responsibility (Ashley and Crowther, 2012; Bà ªnabou and Tirole, 2010). Central to the CSR debate is the notion of how society defines the role of business, and the resulting responsibilities. The classic roles and responsibilities assigned to business are to harness capital and other resources in production, to provide employment and meaningful jobs, to conduct research, development and innovation, to provide goods and services for sale, to create wealth for shareholders, employees, customers and society at large. (Fitzgerald and Cormack, 2011) These core, growth and profit motivated responsibilities do touch on some dimensions of CSR, but comparing these to the responsibilities endowed by CSR shows the amount of change necessary to move towards a socially responsible business model. One extreme of the CSR debate, often referred to as the neo-classical or traditional conflict approach (Redman, 2005), argues that the only social responsibility of business is to increase profits (Friedman, 1970). The other end of the spectrum is what Redman te rms the â€Å"true believers† (2005, 78) approach to CSR. This is where a firm has environmental and social commitments in place that are not profit motivated. However, true corporate altruism is rare with evidence suggesting that organisations are more likely to adopt an ‘enlightened self-interest approach to CSR (Porter and Kramer, 2006). This is an approach that ties socially responsible activities to profit making activities (Redman, 2005). Enlightened self-interest has been one of the driving forces behind corporate responsibility in relation to the environment and utilization of scare resources. Inputs to production, from raw products to fossil fuels, are becoming scare and businesses have needed to adapt to these changes or risk extinction (Ashley and Crowther, 2012). So while environmental impacts are now of greater concern to business, it could be argued that this is more the survival of the business than a deliberately socially responsible endeavor (A shley and Crowther, 2012). At the same time, society now holds greater expectations of the business community (Scherer and Palazzo, 2011). With higher levels of education (for the most part) and thus knowledge, there is less of a tendency to believe the rhetoric of business. Ashley and Crowther argue that customers are not looking for perfection of business practices, but â€Å"the do expect honesty and transparency† (2012, pg.3). The rise and rise of social media has also created a fast and ubiquitous means for people to call businesses to account for (perceived) socially irresponsible acts (Fitzgerald and Cormack, 2011). The media also has the ability to provide focus and extensive coverage on businesses who have engaged in dubious practices (Fitzgerald and Cormack, 2011). Companies who use third world (often slave) labour are being named and shamed, and forced to reassess their supply chain practices (Ashley and Crowther, 2012). Despite these inroads, the las t decade has seen examples where self-regulation and responsible corporate behaviour have failed spectacularly (Lynch-Wood et al, 2009), causing such events as the Global Financial Crisis. Few, if any, parts of society remain unaffected by these events. The response by policy makers and legislators has been swift and punitive. The net result being greater compliance and reporting requirements across most organisations and industries. Now there exists little distinction between what would have been considered a CSR organisation and one that practices good corporate governance (Money and Scheper, 2007; Mason and Simmonds, 2014). It would be disingenuous to deny that the CSR movement has not had a positive impact on the business community. However, the overwhelming amount of progress in socially responsible action has been sparked by the depletion of natural resources and the need for businesses to diversify operations, changes in society and societal expectations of business and government legislative response to corporate failings. Being socially responsible is now just good business, an essential component of operational and strategic decision making (Porter and Kramer, 2006). Whichever way it is has been achieved, there are consequences that still exist for organisation that do not conduct CSR. Both the perception and reality of company performance can be enhanced by adopting CSR. Some pundits argue the payoff is long term, others argue that there is no payoff at all (McWilliams et al, 2006). Above profitability, there are a number of risks organisations face if they do not engage in CSR behaviour. It should be noted that the following is not an exhaustive list, merely the ones with the greatest potential impact. Reputational damage has always been a key outcome of socially irresponsible business activities (Walker and Dyck, 2014). Reputation can be defined as the aggregate perception of an organisations internal and external stakeholders (Walker and Dyck, 2014) and represents a firms single greatest intangible asset. Once reputation is lost, or at least impacted significantly, it is difficult to get back. Changes to the speed with which reputation damaging information can spread is also of concern to socially irresponsible organisations as it is much more difficult to hide or deny wrong doing (Ashley and Crowther, 2012).Further to this, Walker and Dycks (2014) research showed a positive correlation between a firms reputation and those with corporate social responsibility. Employee engagement and attracting talent appears to go hand in hand with socially responsible corporate practices (Bhattacharya et al., 2008). The global economy has been described as a ‘knowledge economy (Fitzgerald and Cormack, 2011), with the greatest corporate assets residing in the intellectual endeavor of staff. Bhattacharya et al. (2008) also argue that CSR is a way for a firm to show their values in practice and thereby emot ionally engaging employees to achieve all of the organisations goals. Engaged staff, at all levels of the business, are crucial to complete in a market place that is increasingly saturated by products and services. Differentiating the offering of one business from another (Servaes and Tamayo 2013) is becoming more difficult to achieve, but CSR related activities provide a point of product differentiation. Environmentally sounds goods (such as recyclable plastics) and Fairtrade food stuffs (such as coffee) are two examples of familiar products that have been differentiated by organisations acting in a more socially responsible manner. Firms who fail to innovate in this way will become followers instead of leaders, and potentially impact their profitability (Blowfield and Murray, 2008). Smarter product and service development needs to start with managers and leaders thinking outside their traditional product and service offerings (Blowfield and Murray, 2008). The move to a more socially responsible business imperative has opened up new markets and opportunities within which an organisation can expand and prosper (Porter and Kramer, 2006). Those organisations closed to CSR will miss these opportunities and run the risk of being left behind. Even if opportunities are identified, access to capital may become increasingly difficult for non-CSR firms. With the rise of Socially Responsible Investment, organisations that do not engage in CSR can limit their access to capital and hence, their growth potential (Porter and Kramer, 2006). Furthermore, organisations run the risk of greater regulatory intervention if they do not change to more socially responsible ways. The recent trend towards regulation of business activities has highlighted the fact that if governments and policy makers identify failures in self-regulation, they are more than willing to step in and regulate business behaviour (Lynch-Wood et al, 2009). Legislation changes and complia nce requirements are both restrictive and costly to organisations. If organisations fail to go above and beyond the current compliance requirements, they risk more being imposed on their activities (Bà ªnabou and Tirole, 2010). These risks all have the potential to significantly impact an organisations profitability and in extreme cases, long-term survival. These considerations also should be cause enough for businesses to reconsider their default position on CSR initiatives. Whatever the short-comings of the CSR movement, and the ideologically motivated debates about definition, society and the global economy are radically changed. Being socially responsible is now the only way to do business. Corporate Social Responsibility is a sounds business concept, but long fought debates around its definition have reduced the impact that it may have had on the business community. The fact remains that even if organisations conduct themselves in a socially responsible manner, there is some level of profit-motivated self-interest underpinning these decisions. The greatest headway in moving (forcing?) organisations to be more socially responsible has been societal and environmental changes external to the firm. Global industry and populations have led to the degradation of raw materials and fossil fuels which has made it necessary for many industries to reconsider how they do business. Sustainable development has become core to business operations in most sectors and is now more a case of good business practice than falling under the CSR banner. Society has also seen the impact that business has on their natural environment and communities in general, and is now willing and c apable of calling organisations into account for irresponsible, unethical behaviour. In summary, forces external to the organisation have had a greater influence in moving organisations towards the CSR ideal than the CSR movement itself. Regardless of how more socially responsible business practices are achieved, the change is positive and widespread. Substantial risk still remains for those businesses who do not adopt CSR practices. The implications include reputational risk, the inability to attract and retain staff and the possibility of increased regulation. Failing to embrace CSR also has the potential to impact the long-term suitability of an organisation, reducing access to capital, missing opportunities for growth and the failure to differentiate your brand from the rest of the pack. The conclusion being that being socially responsible is no longer optional, it is simply the way good business is done. References Ashley, P. and Crowther, D. (2012), Territories of social responsibility. 1st ed. Farnham, Surrey, England: Gower. Bà ªnabou, R. and Tirole, J. (2010), Individual and Corporate Social Responsibility. Economica, 77: 1–19. Bhattacharya, C.B., Sankar, S., Korschun, D., (2008), â€Å"Using Corporate Social Responsibility to Win the War for Talent†, MIT Sloan Management Review, (https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/using-corporate-social-responsibility-to-win-the-war-for-talent/) Blowfield, M. and Murray, A. (2008), Corporate Responsibility: a critical introduction, OUP. Dahlsrud, A. (2008), How Corporate Social Responsibility is Defined: an Analysis of 37 Definitions†, Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 15 (1), pp 1-13. Drucker, P. (1954), The Practice of Management, Allied Partners, New York. Fitzgerald, N. and Cormack, M. (2011), The Role of Business in Society. An Agenda for Action, Joint Initiative by the Conference Board, Harvard University CSR Initiative and the International Business Leaders Forum on behalf of the Clinton Initiative. ( https://www.hks.harvard.edu/m-rcbg/CSRI/publications/report_12_CGI%20Role%20of%20Business%20in%20Society%20Report%20FINAL%2010-03-06.pdf ) Friedman, M. (1970), â€Å"The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits†, The New York Times Magazine, September 13, 1970, pp 122-126. International Organisation for Standardization 2010, Guidance Standard on Social Responsibility (ISO 26000). Lynch-Wood, G., Williamson, D. and Jenkins, W. (2009), â€Å"The over-reliance on self-regulation in CSR policy†, Business Ethics: A European Review, 18 (1), pp 52-65. Mason, C., and Simmons, J. (2014), â€Å"Embedding Corporate Social Responsibility in Corporate Governance: A Stakeholder Systems Approach†, Journal of Business Ethics, 119, pp 77-86. McWilliams, A., Siegel, D.S., and Wright, P.M. (2006), â€Å"Corporate Social Responsibility: Strategic Implications†, Journal of Management Studies, 43 (1), pp 1-18. Money, K. and Schepers, H. (2007), Are CSR and Corporate Governance Converging? Journal of General Management, 33 (2). Porter, M.E., and Kramer, M.R.(2006), â€Å"Strategy and Society: The Link Between Competitive Advantage and Corporate Social Responsibility†, Harvard Business Review, December 2006, pp 78-93. Servaes, H. and Tamayo, A. (2013), â€Å"The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Firm Value: The Role of Customer Awareness†, Management Science,59,(5), pp. 1045–1061. Redman, E., (2005), â€Å"Understanding the Corporate Social Responsibility Continuum†, LBJ Journal of Public Affairs , 18, pp 72-84. Walker, K. and Dyck, B. (2014), The Primary Importance of Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethicality in Corporate Reputation: An Empirical Study, Business and Society Review,119 (1), pp 147–174.

The Common Core State Standards - 1059 Words

Common Core State Standards In education field, it is hard to know if all claims are credible and it is not so easy to assess good research. Curiosity and expertise will be helpful to to decide if you can trust the educational change that has been offered. Science can answer many questions, but not all of them. Strip it and Flip it. We need to clean the crowded verbs and focus on the real claim. What the claim offers and what conclusion it guarantees. I should get rid of all ambiguous or emotional sentences that persuaders use and write down this sentence. â€Å"if I do X, then there is a Y percent chance that Z will happen.† In our case, if I adopt the common core state standards(CCSS) and if implementation of CCSS will be successful, students†¦show more content†¦On the other side, since standards will be assessed, it is easy to believe that students will be prepared only for the test. One of the strong sides of the CCSS is to prepare students for the college education. So, as you can see, it is not so easy to make a good decision but still using the steps makes it easier than nothing. 2.Trace it. Who is the owner of the idea, and what other people think about it? It is easy to believe in something when an expert tells it. In education, credentials mean nothing. I need to research deeper than that. Until internet is searched and I can find the original paper, I do not believe everything. I would like to answer the following questions: Where did the CCSS idea came from? Who found it? Is it something that classical thing in a new box or is it something promising? Who are the experts? CCSS is initiated by the Council of Chief State School Officers(CCSSO) and the National Governors Association(NGO) and approved by American Federation of Teachers(AFT). It has been accepted by 46 states. Although background and belief is strong for the standards, some states are having difficulties to adopt it due to financial challenges and professional development. As it is seen, State Policy makers agreed to work together and decided to create rigorous, more challenging standards that can prepare students for the future. With these standards, students will be equipped with the skills they need to succeed in college. 3.

Impact of M-Commerce in Job Market Free Essays

The advent of wireless and mobile technology has created both new opportunities and new challenges for the business community. In its present state, M-Commerce can be viewed as an extension of conventional, Internet-based E-Commerce, which adds a different mode of network and accommodates different end users’ characteristics. However, if the predictions stating that mobile and wireless computing will dominate the Internet industry in the future materialize, the E-Commerce and M-Commerce could become a singular blended entity. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of M-Commerce in Job Market or any similar topic only for you Order Now M-Commerce, as defined by Muller and Veerse, stands for conducting commercial transactions via a â€Å"mobile† telecommunications network using a communication, information, and payment (CIP) device such as a mobile phone or a palmtop unit. In a broader sense, M-Commerce can simply be defined as exchanging products, ideas and services between mobile users and providers. This paper will also give an overview of the characteristics of M-Commerce. We discuss the basic characteristics of M-Commerce that have the potential to influence the basic marketing orientation of both sellers and buyers, and, above all, alter the general dynamics of the market. There are many definitions of m-commerce with differing emphases. Keen and Mackintosh define m-commerce as the extension of electronic commerce from wired to wireless computers and telecommunications, and from fixed locations to anytime, anywhere, and anyone. when something is mobile it means that its primary usage environment is a mobile one. On the other hand, mobility in itself and mobile technology is not necessarily a value; the freedom created and supported with the technology is the key issue. Durlacher define m-commerce as â€Å"any transaction with a monetary value that is conducted via a mobile telecommunication network†. The focus in this definition lies on the exchange of products and services that is associated with a monetary value. They specifically list any kind of service that can be provided by the mobile device, thus expanding the mere commercial character through communicative and informative services. A mobile device is a small smart device. It can be a mobile phone, a communicator or a PDA. It communicates and transfers data (convenience). It is used only by its owner (personalization). It can provide information anytime, anywhere (ubiquity). Capturing the concept of mobility, a user can be contacted anywhere (reachability). A mobile device can provide users? locations (localization). Knowledge of users? precise geographical location allows customized, relevant content to be delivered to them when and where they need it. It can also be used to connect to the Internet (instant connectivity). Ubiquitous interactivity (figure 1) is what makes mobile devices unique. Wireless devices enable users to send, receive, and act on information in real-time, independent of their location. The western mobile and remote workforce is growing, driven by both business necessity and technological innovation. One explanation for increased work mobility is the emergence of service industry as a dominating occupation in the post-industrial society. Service work is often performed, where the customer is, and thus making many services mobile. It is not like manufacturing work; which takes place where the machinery is located. Another factor is the increased cooperation in and between organizations. Some forms of cooperation can take place remotely, but people still need to meet physically. A third important factor for increased mobility is the extensive adoption of mobile technologies. Mobile technologies enable people to be mobile and yet accessible. As people have become accessible independent of place, new ways of working have emerged in many organizations. To describe the mobile worker, new concepts have been coined. Mobile commerce may impact both mobile workers and their enterprises in the following dimensions. Location: The post-industrial workers work at various locations: in their office, at clients? office, at colleagues? office, in the train, hotel rooms, etc. We can thus imagine that during this extensive geographical movement, mobile workers are often away form the â€Å"benevolent dictator†, their desktop computers, which contain most of the information they need and impose rigid constraints on how and where they can be used. With m-commerce the user is put in the centre of information and communication. Information comes to the user instead of the user looking for it. This makes mobile workers able to receive actionable and useful information on demand at the moment of relevance and regardless of their location and extensive movement. Sales reps are examples of workers who are constantly on the road while their effectiveness depends to a large extent on their ability to have immediate access to account information, current prices, order status and market conditions. The importance of immediate access to information by salespeople is well recognized in the personnel selling literature. Salespeople? effectiveness can be enhanced by providing them with market research information and encouraging them to unitize information. With vast amount of relevant information about client’s orders, roduct’s profitability, promotions at their fingertips regardless of their locations, sales reps can adjust their call schedule to adequately target those customers with the highest potential at the right time. Additionally, receiving time-sensitive alerts about customers? latest orders, industry indicators and competitors? actions, may enable sales reps to tailor their sales messages to a specific customer, adapt to opportunities that arise during the sale call and overcome objections. Indeed, many empirical studies find a strong effect of adaptive selling on salesperson performance. Furthermore, M-commerce can enable mobile workers to use more efficiently their dead time. This time generally occurs between tasks and between meetings, in which workers usually have little control over the resources available to them. For instance, pharmaceutical sales reps often visit doctors to provide them with information on what is available as order brochures on products in which the doctor is interested. Frequently the doctor is not available and the representative wants to find a nearby alternative contact. If there is no alternative contact to visit, then the time for waiting for the doctor to become available may turn to be dead time for the sales representative. With m-commerce, the sales reps can turn this dead time into a productive one by performing non-selling tasks such as completing and sending expense reports to their company, preparing invoices or writing and sending thanks letters to customers. These reduce the time that sales reps have to spend in the office to perform routine tasks and thus allow them to spend more time selling. Indeed, McGraw Hill’s study of 239 salespeople across 198 different companies reveals that salespeople spend on the average about 25% of their time waiting for interviews with clients and travelling. Using dead time more efficiently may occur in a variety of locations (i. e. trains, airports, airplanes, hotels rooms, office buildings, etc). Additionally, mobile workers spend considerable portion of their time on the road, Awareness of their geographical position by the network can allow relevant support and alerts be sent to theme. Examples of such alerts are â€Å"there is a traffic jam two kilometers ahead, use the alternative highway†, â€Å"there is a restaurant offering 10% discount in avenue X â€Å", I have a breakdown, in nowhere, send me a tow truck†, †your client X is in the avenue ahead to you †. Interaction: Asynchronous communications enabled by emails has made co-workers interactions with others more flexible. However, asynchronous communication inevitably creates time lag. Until a receiver of an email actually goes to his computer and read the email, the communication does not come into effect in practice. Moreover, email communication requires a computer and software, which are mostly fixed to a certain location such as an office and home. M-commerce may enhance interaction among distributed workers and others by enabling them to have access to corporate resources, send and receive emails regardless of their location. For instance journalists on the move are often faced with situations in which they have to report events on topics on which they are not fully profound with. Also reporting is often conducted away from editorial staff and radio TV / station’s resources. In such a case M-commerce can provide support to journalists by enabling them, irrespective of their locations, to connect to their TV/Radio station’s intranet. The system can then provide them with the list of resources available on the topic they want to cover together with contact details of colleague who have expertise in such topics. The journalists can then either use the available resources to get an understanding of the topic or elect to contact their colleagues for more interaction. Additionally, ubiquitous access to e-mails and corporate data by mobile workers may enable them to make themselves readily available to address customer problems and questions. Reducing the time it takes to deal with a client’s concern or difficulty may have a positive impact on customer orientation, the degree to which the seller is perceived by the buyer to put customer’s need first. Indeed, customer orientation is a key enabler of buyer-seller relationship developments. Operations: we are witnessing the emergence of new forms of organization, in particular virtual Corporations. Virtual corporations could not exist without an effective information exchange and efficient coordination of the members. This applies also to other management initiatives such as project team or task force. But it is sometimes challenging for corporations to ensure fast coordination among co-workers while they are on the move even if they introduced Internet technologies such as email in their work practices. M-commerce can act as the â€Å"glue† among distributed members, by connecting them more tightly regardless of their locations. This may for instance make it possible for marketing managers to use real time data flowing from the field to evaluate the results of promotions and new product introductions more rapidly and communicate their reactions (i. e. promotions) to the field force. Manufacturing may also use real time field information to reduce overproduction and the incidence of stale products. Additionally, Top executives often need information on market and competitors issues before they make big decisions. Real time information flowing from the field would enable executives to make decisions based on accurate information, which may enhance the quality of their decisions. Indeed the best source for top executives with regard to both market and competition watch is the field force. Conclusion Thus we have discussed about M-Commerce and the challenges that they impose on workers while on the move. We have also explored how m-commerce with its unique attributes can provide mobile workers with more freedom and support through minimizing non-productive time, enhancing interaction with other members and improving the quality of decisions. It is worth mentioning that m-commerce may result in some consequences that workers may not welcome. Perhaps the most immediate drawback of extensive use of mobile technologies by workers is the problem of â€Å"interaction overload†. Anytime and anywhere connectivity may becomes everywhere/all-the-time connectivity; which may result in the danger of users becoming â€Å"too connected†. But in the other hand, access to information at the point of relevance may make it possible for mobile worker to work smarter and to minimize their unproductive time, which may enhance their life / work balance. How to cite Impact of M-Commerce in Job Market, Essay examples

Masters Of Arts Essay Example For Students

Masters Of Arts Essay When you spend time in jail, you get a new view on life. Since O Henry spent some time in jail for embezzling, his stories all seem to have a lawless element. Running from the law seems to be a big part of his short stories, and even more than his famous surprise endings, the obvious similarities between the stories, especially the lawlessness element, obscures the plots as just details. When you consider that 2 of the plots are about these grafting schemes, and the third one implies it as much, the themes are different, and they each are individual, but his is one way to convey three messages. Ill be writing about three short stories, all by O Henry. Masters Of Arts, The Man Higher Up, and the one that we all know, After Twenty Years. The plots are similar; they all have to do with white collar crime, Grafting. In Masters of Arts, a clever machination, Jimmy Gogh, decides that a president of a South American nation has a very weak detriment to his personality; his pride, and decide s to exploit it. He finds a budding young artist from New York, Carols White, lies about his fame in the US, and finally secures 10,000 dollars or Carols to do a obscenely tasteless portrait of this president. Carols cannot do it, he has artistic standards, and therefore loses the money. To create a contrast to this, the machination takes a incriminating photo of the president, and proceeds to blackmail the president. However, at the moment Of receiving the money, Gogh rips up the photo and does not request nor receive the money. He cannot blackmail, he has standards. Juxtaposing this is the story The Man Higher up. The entire story takes place in New York, where two friends are meeting over plates of pasta. One friend, Jeff Peters, is telling our narrator about his adventures grafting, where Jeff is saying that his pride took him away from burglary, but then cheated a lot of money away from a burglar. Then our story, After Twenty Years, a story with a criminal and a old friend who wants to turn him in, but cant, so he gets another person, a plain clothes man, to do the job. The settings are very similar; at one point in all three stories, the main character is in New York. In two of the stories, the entire story, to some extent, is in New York. The time setting is also the same for all three stories, 1865-1950. It seems that O Henry wrote what he knew; his time and his place of habitat for the latter years of his life. The characters are all very different in their habits and their personalities. It seems that O Henry gives enough information to do an in-depth character analysis for each Of the main characters, even though they are short stories. In MOA, we have two characters, characterized indirectly, because their actions seem too hasty. Jimmy Chough seems like a brash young man in Which the question is how low he can go with his plots, but he turns down $20,000 for impel personal standards. Carols White desperately wants to go to Europe to study art, and had no problem lying to do such. But he shows restraint at the beginning of the plot, and at the end breaks down. As a contrast, Jimmy Chough too breaks down, but only at the very end. A stark contrast to the characters of The Man Higher up, in which Jeff Peters never shows restraint, nor do his criminally inclined friends. They show no restraint much like Silky Bob of After Twenty Years'. Silky Bob never thinks at the least he is going to be caught, until e is, All of O Henrys characters seem very confident, especially in times when a normal person isnt. .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c , .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c .postImageUrl , .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c , .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c:hover , .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c:visited , .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c:active { border:0!important; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c:active , .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc3f87d623b2dccbc40c9a0fe2923d04c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Left Brain - Right Brain EssayThe theme is where the stories most differ. In Masters of Arts, the theme is summed up in this passage near the conclusion of the story, Carry, he said absent minded, you think a heap of your art, dont you? More, said White, frankly, than has been for the financial good of myself and my friends. I though you were a fool the Other day, went on Gogh, quietly, and Im no sure now that you wasnt. But if you was, so am l. Vive been in fosse funny deals, Carry, but Ive always managed to scramble fair, and match my brains and capital against the other fellows. But when it come to-?well, when youve got the other fellow cinched, and the screws on him, and hes got to put up-?why, it dont strike me as being a mans game,' The theme being that everyone has standards they cant cross, even in the morally deficient of society. In The Man Higher up the theme is every person has potential, and you dont really know who has it and who doesnt, brought on by the surprise ending in which the winner at the time f the graft finds out that the one who looked like the loser now has all of the winners money invested back into him. We all know the theme of After Twenty Years; loyalty to a friend doesnt wear thin even over time, even over crime. The tone of the stories is the same- serious, matter of fact in all, except for The Man Higher Up, in which O Hem tells the story almost entirely in one mans quotations, to create a Mark Twain (Huckleberry Finnish) storyteller tone. and then along comes a fast freight which slows up a little at the town; and off f it drops a black bundle that rolls for twenty yard in a clouds of dust and then get up and begin to spit soft world and interjections. E it is a young man broad across the face, dressed more for Pullmans than freights and with a cheerful kind of smile in spite of it all that make Phoebe Snows job look like a chimney sweeps. The tones were all same, save for The Man Higher up, in which When Jeff is not speaking, it is the same tone as After Twenty Year, but Jeff speaks almost all the time, creating a chance for O Henry to experiment with different tones. The su dden unforgettable revelation Of character; the vision Of a world though anothers eyes; the capture of a moment in time. All this, the short story, at its best, is uniquely capable of conveying, for in its very shortness lies its greatest strength. O Henry, William Sydney Porter, whoever the name may be, in his short stories discovers depths of meaning in the causal word or action, he can suggest in a page what struggles to be said in a volume, which makes him uniquely worthy and capable of the study we put in his stories over this unit, and what makes him one of a select few; a master of the short story.

Concepts of Lessons from My Life as a Bully

Table of Contents Introduction My Life Experience Lessons Learnt Conclusion Works Cited Letter Introduction Having grown in humble and reserved family my early childhood life was very interesting and enjoyable because at least I had parents who could provide everything to me. My parents always emphasized to me the need to treat other people well, more so other children who sought help from me.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Concepts of Lessons from My Life as a Bully specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Owing to my age and lack of experience of the outside world, I could not see the essence of all they told me; instead, all I could feel was jealous seeing my parents share out what I thought rightfully belonged to me. As I grew, little mattered to me about other people, a notion that has undergone change as I have learnt many lessons from the treatment I gave other children. My Life Experience Life as a bully It is one thing to bully other children and another to understand what they go through in their real lives. This happened on my second month in ninth grade. All through my previous grades, I had always behaved as required, owing to the teachings I received from my parents. On entering ninth grade, my company of friends changed, because I considered myself grown; hence, had to change my behavior to fit what I felt was developing in me; adulthood. One thing I never realized is that the rate at which all this was happening was too much for me to contain, owing to the fact that this friends introduced me to many new adventures. For example, I had this friend called Hillary, whom we had grown with from the first grade to the ninth grade although he came from a richer family. Hillary introduced me to the internet something, which my parents prohibited me from because of reasons that I never I understood. Another worse thing that he introduced me to was bullying, of our classmates and anybody we outweighed whenever we were out of teachers’ sight. In addition to physical bullying, he thought me how to use the internet to bully schoolmates and other strangers by sending funny and threatening messages, something that I never thought could cost somebody’s life.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Although this happened for sometime, it never lasted, when on my second day in the second month of ninth grade I realized some classmate I had sent some message to over the weekend was missing. Although at that I did not bother, curiosity made me to confront her friends, who told me she was in hospital nursing her wounds after trying to take her life because of the psychological torture she had suffered from messages sent from a stranger. This hit me hard, to an extent after school I sneaked out of home and went to see her in hospital; although I never talked to her, I fel t the impact that made me to almost confess to my parents; something I have never done up to today; however I thank God she survived the ordeal. Lessons Learnt Causes and Effects of Bullying The main motive of bullying is to dominate whereby; harm caused on victims is never a bother to the perpetrators, whether in their normal or â€Å"abnormal† senses. One question that I have never had clear answers to is; had she died, will I have forgiven myself? This is the guilt, which I live with up to today but, I thank God because out of this I learnt a lot, which has helped me to educate my friends and juniors on effects of bullying. Bullying is one common practice in many schools that most parents and teachers have failed to recognize hence come up with workable solutions. Although the whole act is enjoyable to the perpetrators, it has many-associated harms on victims who sometimes are aware or unaware of their traitors. Bullying can be in form of verbal words or physical harm, alt hough the most worse is internet bullying because in most cases the perpetrators are stranger. To me I had clean intentions of bullying others; to dominate, but Hilary had personal intentions; something that I discovered later was a parental influence. Due to immense wealth Hillary’s parents had, they always had life their way, a vice; ruling others, they transferred to him and encouraged him to embrace. Ethically this is wrong owing to impacts such egocentric behaviors have on other learners; hence, a big warning to parents who propagate such vices on their children. Although parents may contribute a lot to their children’s behavior, failure by school managements is also another common factor that has promoted the widespread bullying. Most bullies lack correct guidance from teachers, because in most cases school managements lack correct communication channels for reporting them, hence help them; something that was the case in my school.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Concepts of Lessons from My Life as a Bully specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Considering the trauma associated with bullying, majority of individuals find it hard to cope up with its effects, hence embracing evasive behaviors that are negative to the well-being of an individual. Majority of individuals never recognize that, emotional and psychological effects are more harmful as compared to physical harm from bullies. This is because physical harm is containable, but psychological torture is never. Therefore, it is the mandate of parents to learn their children’s behavior, so that whenever alterations occur they can offer help (DeHaan p.1). Conclusion In conclusion, considering the complexity associated with bullying, it is important for all parents, school administrators, and stakeholders to combine forces and end the vice. In addition, measures applicable to curbing the vice include parental guidance, implementing tough measures on bullies, educating youths on dangers of bullying (National center for education statistics p.1). Works Cited Dehaan. Bullies. North Dakota State University, Feb. 1997. Web.  https://www.ndsu.edu/ National Center for Education Statistics. School bullying: preventing bullying. 2009. Web. http://www.bullyingstatistics.org/content/prevent-bullying.html Letter Having read a report on the number of juvenile delinquency cases resulting from bullying in schools and homes in the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), I was touched by impacts such a vice is costing the society. Hence, this made me to consider writing this article; being a testimony, with hopes that it could reach parents and teachers who understand little about bullying. I wrote this article with the Monitor on Psychology Magazine in mind, being a common magazine among many U.S. adults and parents. This essay on Concepts of Lessons from My Life as a Bully was written and submitted by user Ayla Maldonado to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Different Types of Domestic Abuse

The Different Types of Domestic Abuse Domestic abuse is a growing problem that affects millions of people in all kinds of relationships including traditional marriages, same-sex partnerships, and even relationships where there is no sexual intimacy involved. While physical violence is the most blatant form of domestic abuse, sometimes called intimate partner violence,  it  not the only form of domestic abuse. The Main Types of Abuse Domestic abuse can be emotional, physical, sexual, emotional,  psychological and  financial. It is harm inflicted by a current or former spouse or partner. Emotional Abuse Emotional abuse involves actions designed to destroy a persons sense of self-respect or self-worth. It includes constant, an unrelenting verbal onslaught of insults and  criticisms  designed to humiliate and belittle the victim. It is often combined with other forms of abuse and used as a method to gain control over the victim. Although there are no physical scars, the emotional scars can be debilitating to victims. Sexual Abuse Sexual abuse  not only includes rape and sexual assault, but it also includes demeaning behavior like exposing a partners body to friends, forcing a partner into posing for pornography, secretly videotaping a partner while engaging in sex, or forcing a partner to have sex without using protection. Reproductive coercion, which is forcing a partner into having an abortion is a form of domestic sexual abuse. Another form of domestic sexual abuse is sexually assaulting someone who is unable to refuse due to disability, illness, intimidation or the influence of alcohol or other drugs.   There are three main categories of sexual abuse: Using physical force to compel someone to have sex against their will, whether the act is completed or not.Attempting or having sex with someone who is unable to understand the nature of the act or unable to decline participation or is unable to communicate their unwillingness.Abusive sexual contact of any kind. Physical Abuse Physical abuse involves injuring, disabling or killing  the victim. Physical abuse can be performed with a weapon or restraint or merely using body, size or strength to harm another person. The injury from the abuse does not have to major. For example, an abuser could forcefully shake the victim in anger. While the victim may not require medical treatment, the shaking would still be a form of physical abuse. Physical violence can include burning, biting, choking, grabbing, pinching, punching, pushing, throwing, scratching, shoving, shaking, or slapping. Threats of Violence Violent threats involve the use of words, gestures, motions, looks or weapons to communicate a threat to frighten, harm, injure, disable, rape or kill. The act does not have to be carried out for it to be abusive behavior. Psychological Abuse Psychological abuse is a broad term that includes acts, threats of acts or coercive tactics to cause someone fear and trauma. If there has been previous physical or sexual abuse in the relationship, any further threat of abuse is considered psychological violence. Psychological abuse can include: HumiliationControlling what the victim can and cannot do.Withholding information.Diminishing or embarrassing the victim.Isolating the victim from friends and family. Financial Abuse Financial abuse is one of the most common forms of domestic abuse and also the difficult to recognize, even for the victims. It can involve a partner denying the victim access to money or other resources. Refusing to allow a spouse to work or get an education is also a form of financial abuse. It is often seen in homes where an abuser forces the victim into isolation by limiting when they can communicate with family and friends. Isolation makes it more difficult for a victim to have any form of financial freedom. Get Help Immediately Research shows that domestic violence usually gets progressively worse. Rarely does it stop because the abuser promises that it will never happen again. If you are in an abusive relationship, there are many resources available to help. You do not have to stay with an abusive partner. It is important to seek help immediately.

Strategy Implementation - Smart Water Research Paper

Strategy Implementation - Smart Water - Research Paper Example This brand is targeted to replace carbonated soft drinks, which are believed to have high calorie intake (Griffin & Moorhead 321). Smart Water is designed to address the needs of the customers who are concerned with their health status. This â€Å"Nutrient enhanced water† has imposed strong competition, not only against other bottled water, but also against other carbonated soft drinks, of which it acts as a perfect substitute (Griffin & Moorhead 322). The Smart Water packaging is designed to conform to the company’s policies and practices. The packaging is made out of sustainable and recyclable materials, which is consistence with the company’s sustainable packaging policy. Key performance indicators are often used to monitor sustainable packaging (Griffin & Moorhead 323). One of the company’s policies is to disclose the use of recycled materials in its products: a strategy that was successfully implemented in the production and packaging of Smart Water. Some of the company’s policies and practices that relate to the packaged water include; water recycling initiatives, water efficiency targets, water efficiency process, disclosed water conserved, reveal water use at Non-US Facilities, disclose normalized water use, policies to improve the efficiency of water use, and climate change policies that address water conservation and use (Griffin & Moorhead

Sub-human working conditions in Qatar Research Paper

Sub-human working conditions in Qatar - Research Paper Example The world cup is the most widely viewed sports event in the world and requires a lot of preparation by host countries to be in a position to stage the world cup owing to the high number of spectators, reporters, business people, and players who come to the host country for the world cup. Qatar has been making these preparations since 2010 when it was selected to host the 2022 world cup but there are rampant cases of inhuman working conditions for workers making preparations in stadia and other facilities in the country. It is from this understanding that this study aims at enumerating why FIFA and football associations should force Qatar to stop the "sub-human" working conditions. Workers involved in infrastructure development for the 2022 world cup are exposed to harsh working conditions including withheld payments, working in 122-degree heat for a long time with no provision of food or water, and their passports were confiscated to ensure they do not leave the country (Kwok & Wallis, 2008). Workers cannot be able to help their families and pay obligations for their jobs to recruitment agencies with 36% interest payment rates affecting their families and their person negatively (Manfred, 2014). For a country that will host the world cup, these conditions are unacceptable owing to the high benefits to be received by the country and the high following that the world cup has globally. This will taint the name of the world cup and FIFA, if the football associations and FIFA do not take the steps to correct the situation in Qatar in terms of working conditions. The intolerable working conditions in Qatar have led to the death of at least 1200 workers in different infrastructural development in preparation for the world cup with 400 of them from Nepal, 00 from India, and others from Philippines, Pakistan, Kenya, and other parts of the world. This is in accordance to a report by The International Trade Union Confederation (Manfred,

The Hotel Reservation System

The Hotel Reservation System Abstract The Riviera resort is a tourist resort. It is located in Greenwich, in the south east London of United Kingdom. This resort was established in 2000. This resort has 38 rooms with all the facilities. There are double, single and family rooms with attached bathrooms. There are indoor and outdoor games facilities with a swimming pool. Air-conditioned rooms too are available. Within a distance of a few yards the real maritime view is attractive for the tourist for enjoyment. As Hotel Riviera a customer based Company it is identified that providing an efficient customer service is a major factor that is considered in all customer based Companies, to remain competitive in the market. One major barrier to this is the manual system does not provide any facility for the Managers, Accountants and other employees to trace the routine details on time and provide a quality of service. Which ultimately lead to a lot of problems and inefficiencies? In the aim of solving these problems and making the company operate efficiently, the Hotel Reservation System with online Environment to Hotel Riviera System project was undertaken. In here this system was strengthen in web base access as well as with a Visual Basic component that was used to track the reservations done by the Employees each day. In this system the Administrators get the chance to view their routine details as well as the reservation details at the company. So the managers can get a good idea what sort of things they have to do in order to improve their business activities The benefits of the system are numerous. The system will help the company to operate efficiently by eliminating all the time consuming procedures and provide a better service to their Customers. Introduction Hotel Riviera Information The Riviera resort is a tourist resort. It is located in Greenwich, in the south east London of United Kingdom. This resort was established in 2000. This resort has 38 rooms with all the facilities. There are double, single and family rooms with attached bathrooms. There are indoor and outdoor games facilities with a swimming pool. Air-conditioned rooms too are available. Within a distance of a few yards the real maritime view is attractive for the tourist for enjoyment. To maintain the resort there are working thirty employees as Managers, Accountant, Supervisors, Cashier, Room boys, Servants, Cleaners, and Cookers. Everyday foreign and local guests visit and enjoy with the resort facilities. The resort owner is very happy about the success of his resort. Room Information 20- A/C and 18 Non A/C rooms. 12-Rooms with single bed facility A/C, 8 non A/C single bed rooms 10-Rooms are the double bed A/C and 8-double bed non A/C. Problem Identified Out of survey done by me, I found the numerous problems faced by the Owner and other employees of the company. The main drawback of their currently available system is that for many processes are very time consuming. So the company required a system that will produce out puts in on time. Also the time that takes to send services to customers are quite high. Next the company does not have an easy way to trace the reservation process. Introduction of the Current Information System The Resort is one of the famous resorts in United Kingdom which is currently doing everything in a manual way. Although if they have a number of computers even they dont have any computerized system. Their Guest and staff are facing lots of problems in their day today activities. So I proposed them to carry out their resort reservation system details in a computerized manner. These are the major functions/processes occurring which is manual way. Guest registration Room reservation Food order Payment calculations Functions of the Existing System Hotel has four departments: 1. Front office This department contains 2 employees: Receptionist and Front Office Manager. Main functions: 1. Request booking information 2. Confirm booking. 3. Cancel booking. 2. Kitchen department. This department contains 15 employees: Chief cook, Cooks, Supervisor, and Supplier for groceries Main functions: Prepare meals according to the guest preference. 2. Prepare food menu information. 3. Housekeeping department. This department contains 8 employees: House keeper, Record keeper Supervisor and Cleaners. Main function 1. Check the room availability information and pass to the front office. 2. Reservation of room. 4. Finance department. These departments contain 5 employees: Accountant, Manager, Finance Manager, Account operators Main Functions: 1. Calculate Guest payments. 2. Prepare invoices. 3. Salary functions. 4. Profit and loss analysis. Purposes and Objectives of This Project The proposed computerized system purposes and objectives are as follows. With the earlier system the customers had to idle till the receptionist filled all data. But, with the proposed system the customer related activities will be very quick and efficient. Less waste of resources, because only necessary data will be taken into Hard Copy out puts. In the manual system data duplication was happening frequently. But, with the proposed system data redundancy will be reduced to a great extent. Security measures will be introduced; therefore data is 99% accurate and reliable. The company can convert into new trends of technology and give a Better competition with its competitors. The company profitability can be increased because the cost that was incurred for maintaining the system will be cut down. Work load of the employee is lifted off. The proposed system requires only a computer therefore there is no need of large room space. There is no need of large storage cupboards because all data will be stored in one single database of the computer. The manual system did not have any back-up files, but with the computerized if any files have been missed up there is a back-up procedure to fix the problem. Issues of the Existing System The data is not long-lasting for this hotel due to the improper system:- The resort reservation System is maintaining their data and information in the files and some copies. So it is not secure for them. Not only that but it can destroy in a particular period. It can be misplaced somewhere. They have to buy the files and copies. So it is not proper system for them. It is time consuming :- Very important but this manual system is very slow and extremely time consuming. So that guest time also wasting. When more than one guest arrives in to the resort for booking, Receptionist cant manage with the short time. The checking process is very difficult in the guest departure time because, they cant easily find needed records in this manual system. The stationery costs are high :- There is a lot of paperwork to be done and lots of records of guest, cash books, room details, availability details etc. that have to be maintained, which makes it a very confusing job. Due to the large amount of paperwork that needs to be kept for later reference, there is also need for large storage space. Not only should there be space to store all the records but it should be stored in easy way to find the records and very high cost. It occupies lot of space to locate the file and difficult to search due to the different locations :- Currently, a large number of past and present guest and recruitment related information are stored in cabinets and racks. This way, files get dust collected and confidential papers get loose from the files with time. To maintain the paper in order, filing cabinets, stationary and employee is needed which comes with a cost. Some of these cabinets are kept inside the office congesting working areas and the others are kept in store rooms accruing valuable floor space. Calculation Process :- Also, the calculating process is very difficult such as customer charge calculation (food, Room, facility charges), the resort balance checking. In the manual system for every process there should be needed more workers. Not only cant they work accurately and in the correct. System Development Methodology I have selected the Water fall method model for developing a system for Riviera resort reservation because these models demand a systematic and sequential approach to software development. It presents a highly structured method of software development that starts at the system levels and progress. I am going to develop a resort reservation system which is more complex. This can be handled by using this methodology. And this model decreases the gaps between users and system developers and to increasing systems performance. Waterfall Model This is the most common and classic of life cycle models, also referred to as a linear-sequential life cycle model. It is very simple to understand and use. In a waterfall model, each phase must be completed in its entirety before the next phase can begin. At the end of each phase, a review takes place to determine if the project is on the right path and whether or not to continue or discard the project. Unlike what I mentioned in the general model, phases do not overlap in a waterfall model. Waterfall Life Cycle Figure 1.1 Reasons for selecting waterfall methodology for Hotel Riviera Works well for smaller projects where requirements are very well understood. Easy to manage due to the rigidity of the model each phase has specific deliverables and a review process. Good progress tracking due to clear development stages Phases are processed and completed one at a time. It is suitable for real time and critical system Suitable for small and large size projects. Simple and easy to use. System Requirements Functional Requirement To develop a fully tested Guest update, Room update process, it is asked that the application should allow the user to add, edit find details and handle payments. To accomplish this, it is required to create Access VB (Visual Basic) forms. It necessary to maintain reservation file, guest file, order details files payment file including registration fee in the database. So it is asked to design the necessary interfaces using VB to fulfill the above requirement. To fulfill the above requirements I have created a fully tested reservation system from the knowledge that I have on VB Access. I assumed that resort reservation system need to computerize the reservation process and I have directed my efforts and created a program which is coming out here. Front end Welcome Screen: Welcome screen with user verification facility. This screen will allow the user to type user name and password. This user name will be common for Administration members and another username and password for Manager. Registration of new users: This system should allow registering new users from this organization. Adding details to database: When a Guest comes to register, the system will be added his details to database. Such as name, address, designation, passport number, age, sex and nationality etc. Calculations: Calculations in the system will be found out the due amount. The due amount will be calculated from the requirement the reservation form. Rooms details: Details of rooms can be found in their database. And the system should be able to record their information. The system should assign unique number for each room and allow the user to enter details such as room number, room type, rate and status etc. Banquet details: Banquet reservation also is another function of this resort. So details of banquet can be found in this system. Also the system should be able to record their information. Such as banquet no, location and charges. Engineering details: When customers reserve a hall for a function, they can be found what are the engineering facilities available in this resort for doing that function. Such as Sound system, Overhead Projector and Desktop computer. Foods details: Details of foods also can be found in this system with charges to customers to decide their favorite foods. Such as Egg w/ rice, Spaghetti, Chicken Salad, Coke (Medium) and Fried chicken w/ rice etc. Liquor details: Hotel Riviera has a big bar for their customers. So liquor details are very important for this system. Mainly it should be included description of liquor, price and expiry date. Details of pools: There are two types of pools available. One is adult pool and another one is child pool. Details of pools are most essential for this system. Order details: When purchase orders are made by customers or guests, presently all of them are filed and placed into drawers. But it will be great if the hotel can save those details in the system and be able to retrieve them later if required. Order details will be included ordering meals, and ordering liquor. Room reservation: This requirement is the hearth of this entire system. It is for the purpose of fulfilling requirement that most of the above requirements are met. Fulfilling this requirement will be the key solution in the system to be developed. Once this requirement is successfully tackled, the older access registry room will become obsolete. This system should be able to record details of room reservation number, guest ID, room number, reservation date, date reserved, length of stay, and status. Banquet reservation: This requirement also a very important function of this system. This resort is doing not only the room reservation but also the banquet reservation for their customers. This part should be included banquet reservation no, reservation date, client name, address, contact no, date reserved, starting time, finishing time and status. Search The ultimate purpose of any database system its functionality to support retrieval of data in a way it is expected. This is the case here also. If any reservations details are required, the system will be allowed to find the details from related database and make reservation using search function. Printing facilities Staff should be provided full functionality to printing relevant documents when they needed. Reports In this computerized system, reports will also be a part and parcel they are the means that help get printed outputs here. Staffs should be allowed to run reports and get prints. Common functionality requirements The system will be having a Multiple Document Interface (MDI) through which all the screens and reports can be reached. Colors to be used in the screen should be consistent. Blue with black will be interesting to see. Also buttons on window should be placed in the top of the screen. One window should be used for generating reports i.e. the user should be able to run reports one by one within one window. It can be by clicking on a button, using menus or shortcuts keys. Calendar with one month displayed; whenever there is a need for entering dates, the user should be given facility to pick it from a calendar. Short cut keys should be assigned to expedite the data entry work. There user should be allowed to backup the database to a certain location. This practice ensures the safety of updated data. Printer will be connected to one PC and others will share the printer. Non-Functional Requirements Although these requirements are not directly with the system to be developed, they are very important factors to take into consideration for the development and successful implementation of the system. Under this section I identify non functional requirement within the projects scope. Product Requirement Usability and Efficiency: Since the earlier version of Visual basic (6.0) is going to be used, performance will be high and it is very fast. The system should be very much easy to handle. Reliability: User should easily understand about the system. And they will find it very much handy. Portability: Database should be maintained with much care and give the database to that system in correct format. Operational Requirement Security: database access should be prevented from sight. In addition it should be impossible to access certain parts of the system without the proper logon procedure. This requirement should be strictly enforced at the log on single window or feature under this section. User Friendliness: The system should not be possible for a non- authoritative user to enter a single window or feature under this section. Interoperability: No other system could be intercepted while this system is running on the machine. Software Requirement for Implementation For the development of the new system, the following software packages are recommended to be used. Microsoft Visual basic (6.0) for the interfaces program coding. Visual basic data project will be used for the creation of this system. Is the data Environment, Data list control, Data combo Control, Data grid control, Microsoft- Calendar control and Date time picker control, etc. Microsoft Access 2003 as database back end. Crystal Reports 8.5 for the creation of reports. All the reports will be called within Visual Basic using the Crystal Viewer ActiveX control. Software Tools are Needed to Developed the New System Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 Microsoft Word 2007 Microsoft Visio 2003 Microsoft Access Adobe Photoshop CS Hardware Requirement for New System The reservation system to computerize their reservation system, a computer system needed the following minimum requirements. Processor : 400 MHz RAM : 128 MB Hard Disk : 4 GB VGA : 32 MB Monitor : 14 Operating System : Windows 2000/xp Software : Microsoft Office 2000/xp Floppy Disk Drive : 1.44 MB 3.5 Summary This chapter provided a detailed description on why Hotel Riviera Needs a web and Visual Basic based System and how online room reservation and computerized reservation System solved the problems they are currently facing with the requirement analysis. Next section gives a detailed description about the system. System Analysis Introduction The tools of a system analysis, which are known as fact-finding methods, are found in the scope of the business application and its end users. Therefore these methods and techniques should be applied efficiently for finer and better results. There are many reasons for fact finding during systems development life cycle, but the most important time is when its system development has begun its basic stages. During the beginning stage the analyst must do the current system, which is being currently used. During these stages, the analyst must gather information on the requirements of the end user. Then when the system designing gets on the way, the analyst must gather, the following:- Facts about report formats. Input methods. Information about the organization. Goals and aims of the organization. Organization structure. Objectives and reasons of functional units. Information about the people. Authority and responsibility of relationship. Job duties. Information about the work. Tasks and workflows. Methods and ways for performing the work. Work times and limits. Information about the work environment. Resources available. Proposed System Descriptions The scope of my project is only reservation. So, Room, facility, needed food booking is will be included in this project. The processes will be started from check in and finished with the check out. Between, these two actions there are some processes available. Those are selecting the wanted room with facilities and food, advance payment; store the guest details, reservation details, charge calculation, payment settlement and report creation. Sometime there maybe cancellation process includes. In this system there will be receptionist, guest, cashier and supervisor involved. The receptionist will operate some the booking process of this application. The guest will select his needed suitable. Cashier will handle all calculation and payment processes. The supervisor will create the reports to the management. The detail information about this computerized Resort Reservation system is included in the DFD ER diagram. In this system my aims is to make the resort reservation System. This is fully secure and fully computerized Features of the New System Handling Customer Details Room reservations Banquet reservations Backup facilities Stores data permanently Security Cancellations Handling Rooms Details Making Payments Features like Update, Searching, Deleting, Editing Record etc Generating different kinds of report. Added Solution to Implement the New System The Data is not long-lasting due to the proper system Even if it is an important data which is been kept in a file, which is not secured, It can be misplaced somewhere. Not only will that it destroy in a particular period. So computerizing the manual system it will be stored in the Database to the computer, so which is more secured. And also we can take the Backup for safety. It is time consuming When the data is in a document, which is inside a file, it is very hard to get the necessary details in that particular time. To search the file it will take some time because they have to see the file page by page. After computerizing the manual system it will be much easier to retrieve the data quickly, this will increase the productivity of Resort reservation system. The stationary costs are very high When the data is maintained in a file or any kind of documents the stationary cost like pen, papers, ruler and files. Deleting, updating and editing also will affect the stationary cost. So after computerizing the manual system we can bring down the cost of stationary, which will economy. If a particular file is lost then the whole data will be loosed If a file is lost then every data regarding that resort information will be loosed which is a big blow for the Resort reservation system. It can happen very easily in this Resort. So we can protect the data by implementing this system. Because we can store the data in a particular database which is more secure. No one can steal any record file because they will have their own login. Without knowing password no one can enter in to the computer. Even they have a back up system. It is not possible to get the necessary Data with in a given time As the data is maintained in a file as manual it is impossible to get the data in a given period. If they want to get particular data then they have to seek one by one page. After computerizing all the data it can be retrieved quickly with the help of Query. So it is making easy to work Calculate the payment very Also, the calculating process is very difficult such as Guest charge calculation (food, Room, facility charges), the resort balance checking. In the manual system for every process there should be needed more workers. Not only cant they work accurately and in the correct time. After that computerizing make easy to work Checking process When more than one guest arrives in to the resort for booking receptionist cant manage with the sort time. The checking process is very difficult in the Guest departure time because, they cant easily find the needed records in this manual system Check Room or banquet availability .after that computerizing easily identifies the room or banquet availability Summary This chapter presented information about the tools of a system analysis, which are known as fact-finding methods, are found in the scope of the business application and its end users and feasibility study about this entire system whether which is accepted or not. Also discussed regard features of this system and value added solution for their earlier systems issues. System Design Criteria Introduction In this part, I have discussed why it is important to have a design method when developing systems. Name and explain some strategies for generating design solutions, simplifying design decisions, evaluating designs, and terminating the search for alternatives, the purpose of design models and the principal categories of design models and summarized some differing perspectives on the nature of design Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Data Flow diagrams are a network representation of a system. They are the corn store for structured system analysis and design. The diagrams use four symbols to represent any system at any level of details the four entities that must be represented are: Data flows: movement of data in the system Data stores: data repositories for data that is not moving Processes: transforms of incoming data flows to outgoing data flows External entities: sources or destinations outside the specified system boundary The DFD shows how, through analyzing data flows, a systems internal processes interact with each other, how the system interfaces with its environment, how the system is partitioned into interacting sub-systems, how an existing or a proposed system can be described in a top-down manner. Existing system data flow diagram 0th level Figure 3.1 0th level Data Flow Diagram Figure 3.2 1st Level Data Flow Diagram Figure 3.3 2nd level Data Flow Diagram for Payment process 2nd level Data Flow diagram for report generation Figure 3.5 Data dictionary for proposed Hotel reservation system Data stores Name Description Number Owner Customer details Store the Customer details 1 Administration Payment details Store the Payment details 2 Administration Room details Store the Room details 4 Administration Banquet details Store the banquet details 5 Administration Bar details Store the bar details 3 Administration Pool details Store the pool details 6 Administration Restaurant details Store the restaurant details 7 Administration Table3.6 External entity Name Description Type Total occurrence Guest Describe the customer who are booking the room and banquet Person 1 Management Describe the management of Hotel Department 1 Table 3.7 Data processes Name Description Input from Output into Logic summary Administration process Check the room and banquet order. guest hotel When the guests come to the hotel, the administrator section receive the booking order then check whether the room are available or not, after that, reserve it for the particular guest. Payment process Provide the card to the management guest guest Collect the money from the guest, when they leave from the hotel. Room process Handle the room details. guest guest Keep the room details, bed details and other equipments details. Check the room, if there is anything damage, collect the details, and remove from the room and replace it another. Banquet process Handle the banquet details Keep the banquet details, standard equipment details and additional equipment details. Bar process Handle the bar details Keep the bar details, such as drinks items, chips items. If it is finish, order them. Pool process Handle the pool details Keep the pool details Restaurant process Handle the restaurant details Keep the food items Report generation Handle all the report All the details Report generation Keep whole hotel details and when the administration ask the report, get the print out and give it to them. Table 3.8 Data flow Name Description Source Destination guest details Represent the guest details Guest administration process payment details Represent the payment details Guest Payment process room details Represent the room details Guest Room process bar details Represent the bar details bar process administration process banquet details Represent the banquet details banquet process administration process pool details Represent the pool details pool process administration process Restaurant details Represent the restaurant details restaurant process administration process Check restaurant details Represent the checking restaurant details Restaurant process administration process Table 3.9 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) Normalized ERD for the proposed system Figure 3.10 Relational Table Normalization Normalization is the process of efficiently organizing data in a database. There are two goals of the normalization process: eliminating redundant data (for example, storing the same data in more than one table) and en